Sandhoff Disease: HEXB Sequencing

Turnaround Time

3 weeks

CPT Code(s)

81479

Cost

$900

Genes

• Sandhoff Disease

Sandhoff disease is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by significantly reduced or absent activities of beta-hexosaminidase A and beta-hexosaminidase B. This deficiency results in accumulation of GM2 ganglioside which leads to the destruction of neurons in the brain and spinal cord. Infants with Sandhoff disease have normal developmental progress until the age of 3-6 months when developmental regression occurs. Features of this progressive condition include an increased startle reflex, a retinal cherry-red spot, seizures, vision and hearing loss, ataxia, and hepatoslenomegaly. Infantile Sandhoff disease typically results in death by age three. In rare cases, Sandhoff disease can occur with later onset, milder symptoms, and slower progression. Higher frequencies of Sandhoff disease have been reported among individuals with backgrounds including Northern Argentina Creole, the Metis population in Saskatchewan, and Lebanese descent.

Molecular testing is useful to confirm the diagnosis and to identify the disease causing mutations within a family to allow for carrier testing and prenatal diagnosis.

Sanger Sequencing

The preferred sample type is 3-5 ml of peripheral blood collected in an EDTA (purple top) tube. Extracted DNA, dried blood spots, and saliva are also accepted for this test. Saliva samples must be submitted in an approved saliva kit. Contact the lab to receive a saliva kit or to have one sent to your patient.

The specimen should be kept at room temperature and delivered via overnight shipping. If shipment is delayed by one or two days, the specimen should be refrigerated and shipped at room temperature. Do not freeze the specimen. Samples collected on Friday can be safely designated for Monday delivery.

Prenatal diagnosis is available if the familial mutations are known. Additional fees for cell culture and maternal cell contamination may apply. Maternal cell contamination studies are required for all prenatal molecular tests. Contact the laboratory prior to sending a prenatal specimen.